國中教育會考 九年級 文法

間接問句與附加問句

Do you know where he lives? / ..., isn't it?

內容概述

間接問句是把疑問句嵌入另一個句子作為名詞子句:直接問句 Where does he live? 嵌入後變成 Do you know where he lives?——疑問詞保留,但其後改為「直述句語序」(主詞+動詞),並移除 do/does/did(動詞恢復原本時態變化)。Yes/No 問句嵌入時用 if/whether 引導:I wonder if she is home. 附加問句則是直述句後的簡短反問:前肯後否(You like tea, don't you?)、前否後肯(He isn't here, is he?),助動詞與主詞代名詞須與主句一致。兩者皆為會考九年級核心句構,常在對話與寫作題出現。

學習重點

  1. 1間接問句核心規則:疑問詞後改直述語序——Do you know where the station is?(✕ where is the station)
  2. 2有 do/does/did 的直接問句,嵌入後助動詞消失、時態還給動詞:What did he buy? → I don't know what he bought.
  3. 3Yes/No 問句嵌入用 if 或 whether:Is she coming? → I'm not sure if/whether she is coming.
  4. 4附加問句「前肯後否、前否後肯」:It's hot today, isn't it? / You didn't call, did you?
  5. 5附加問句主詞一律用代名詞:Mary is kind, isn't she?(✕ isn't Mary);There is... 的附加問句用 there:There's a park, isn't there?
  6. 6祈使句附加問句用 will you(Open the door, will you?);Let's... 用 shall we(Let's go, shall we?)

國中教育會考出題趨勢:會考必考:①間接問句語序還原(where he lives 而非 where does he live);②時態一致——主句過去式時子句跟著調整;③附加問句的肯否對應與代名詞化;④Let's... shall we? 與祈使句 will you? 的特殊形式。

108 課綱對應

進階探究・深度解析

間接問句為什麼要改語序?因為嵌入後它不再是「問句」而是「名詞子句」(作 know/wonder 的受詞)——句子真正在問的是外層(Do you know...?),內層只是陳述一件事的內容。理解這一點就能明白:整句只有一個問號位置、只有外層需要疑問語序。若外層也是直述(I know where he lives.),句尾甚至不用問號。

附加問句的「隱藏否定」陷阱:主句含 never, seldom, hardly, few, little 等否定意味字時,視為否定句,附加問句用肯定——He never lies, does he?(✕ doesn't he)。同理 I'm... 的附加問句是 aren't I?(am not 無縮寫形式),這兩個特例是進階題的常客。

回答否定附加問句是中英思維的大衝突:He isn't coming, is he? 中文答「對,他不來」,英文卻要答 No, he isn't.——英文的 Yes/No 永遠跟隨「事實本身」的肯否,不跟隨「同意與否」。事實是否定的(他不來)就答 No。會考對話題以此測試溝通理解,答題時先確認事實再選 Yes/No。

章節試題(4 題・附詳解)

1.基礎Excuse me. Could you tell me where _____?

測驗重點:間接問句語序

  1. (A) is the MRT station
  2. (B) the MRT station is
  3. (C) does the MRT station
  4. (D) was the MRT station is
查看答案與詳解

正確答案:(B) the MRT station is

間接問句中疑問詞後改為直述句語序「主詞+動詞」:where the MRT station is。(A) 保留疑問語序是最典型的錯誤。整句的疑問功能由外層 Could you tell me 承擔。

2.中等I really don't know what _____ at the night market yesterday.

測驗重點:do/does/did 消失

  1. (A) did Kevin buy
  2. (B) Kevin did buy
  3. (C) Kevin bought
  4. (D) does Kevin bought
查看答案與詳解

正確答案:(C) Kevin bought

直接問句 What did Kevin buy? 嵌入後,助動詞 did 消失、過去時態還給動詞:what Kevin bought。間接問句不保留 do/does/did,語序為「疑問詞+主詞+動詞」。

3.中等Lisa didn't come to school this morning, _____?

測驗重點:附加問句肯否對應

  1. (A) did Lisa
  2. (B) didn't she
  3. (C) did she
  4. (D) does she
查看答案與詳解

正確答案:(C) did she

附加問句規則:前否後肯,主詞代名詞化。主句是否定(didn't come)、過去式,故附加問句用 did she。(A) 主詞須用代名詞 she 而非 Lisa;(B) 前否不能再後否。

4.進階選出附加問句正確的句子:

測驗重點:隱藏否定與特殊形式

  1. (A) Tom never tells lies, doesn't he?
  2. (B) Let's take a break, will you?
  3. (C) There is a bookstore near here, isn't there?
  4. (D) Open the window, shall we?
查看答案與詳解

正確答案:(C) There is a bookstore near here, isn't there?

There is... 的附加問句主詞用 there:..., isn't there? 正確。(A) never 含否定意味,附加問句應用肯定 does he;(B) Let's... 應接 shall we;(D) 祈使句應接 will you。

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